The vehicular Adhoc Network has unique charac-teristics of frequent topology changes, traffic rule-based node movement, and speculative travel pattern. It leads to stochastic unstable nature in forming clusters. The re-liable routing process and load balancing are essential to improve the network lifetime. Cluster formation is used to split the network topology into small structures. The reduced size network leads to accumulating the topology information quickly. Due to the absence of centralised management, there is a pitfall in network topology man-agement and optimal resource allocation, resulting in ineffective routing. Hence, it is necessary to develop an effective clustering algorithm for VANET. In this paper, the Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Dynamic Programming (DP) are used in designing load-balanced clusters. The proposed Angular Zone Augmented Elitism-Based Im-migrants GA (AZEIGA) used elitism-based immigrants GA to deal with the population and DP to store the out-come of old environments. AZEIGA ensures clustering of load-balanced nodes, which prolongs the network lifetime. Experimental results show that AZEIGA works appreciably well in homogeneous resource class VANET. The simulation proves that AZEIGA gave better perfor-mance in packet delivery, network lifetime, average de-lay, routing, and clustering overhead.
Bhuvaneswari M, Paramasivan B, Kandasamy A. Stochastic dynamic programming model for optimal resource allocation in vehicular ad hoc networks. Sādhanā, Academy Proceedings in Engineering Sciences Journal. 2018;43(4): 43-52. doi: 10.1007/s12046-018-0853-7.
Bhuvaneswari M, Paramasivan B. Geographical angu-lar zone-based optimal resource allocation and efficient routing protocols for vehicular ad hoc networks. IET In-telligent Transport Systems. 2017;12(3): 242-250. doi: 10.1049/iet-its.2017.0003.
Dhurandher SK, et al. An efficient angular routing pro-tocol for inter-vehicular communication in vehicular ad hoc network. IET Communication. 2010;4(7): 826-836. doi: 10.1049/iet-com.2009.0138.
Bali RS, Kumar N, Rodrigues J. Clustering in vehicular ad hoc networks: Taxonomy, challenges and solutions. Vehicular Communications. 2014;1(3): 134-152. doi: 10.1016/j.vehcom.2014.05.004.
Bentaleb A, Boubetra A, Harous S. Survey of cluster-ing schemes in mobile ad hoc networks. Communi-cations and Network. 2013;5(02): 8-14. doi:10.4236/cn.2013.52B002.
Yang P, et al. Clustering algorithm in VANETs: A survey. Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Anti-counterfeiting, Security, and Identification (ASID), 25-27 Sept. 2015, Xiamen, China; 2015. p. 166-170. doi: 10.1109/ICASID.2015.7405685.
Vodopivec S, Bešter J, Kos A. A survey on clustering algorithms for vehicular ad-hoc networks. Proceedings of the International Conference on Telecommunications and Signal Processing, 3-4 July 2012, Prague, Czech Re-public; 2012. p. 52-56. doi: 10.1109/TSP.2012.6256251.
Rawashdeh ZY, Mahmud SM. A novel algorithm to form stable clusters in vehicular ad hoc networks on highways. EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Net-working. 2012;(1): 15. doi: 10.1186/1687-1499-2012-15.
Cheng X, Huang B. A center-based secure and stable clustering algorithm for VANETs on Highways. Wire-less Communications and Mobile Computing. 2019. doi: 10.1155/2019/8415234.
Ren M, et al. A new mobility-based clustering algorithm for vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs). Proceedings of the IEEE/IFIP Network Operations and Management Symposium, 25-29 April 2016, Istanbul, Turkey; 2016. p. 1203-1208. doi: 10.1109/NOMS.2016.7502988.
Zhu L, et al. Geographic routing in multilevel scenari-os of vehicular ad hoc networks. IEEE Transaction on Vehicular Technology. 2016;65(9): 7740-7753. doi: 10.1109/TVT.2015.2499205.
Chen Y, et al. Distributed multi-hop clustering algorithm for VANETs based on neighborhood follow. EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking. 2015(1): 98. doi: 10.1186/s13638-015-0327-0.
Vodopivec S, Bešter J, Kos A. A multihoming clustering algorithm for vehicular ad hoc networks. International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks. 2014;10(3): 107085. doi: 10.1155/2014/107085.
Zhang Z, Boukerche A, Pazzi R. A novel multi-hop clus-tering scheme for vehicular ad-hoc networks. Proceed-ings of the ACM International Symposium on Mobility Management and Wireless Access. 2011; 19-26. doi: 10.1145/2069131.2069135.
Hassanabadi B, Shea C, Zhang L, Valaee S. Clustering in vehicular ad hoc networks using affinity propagation. Ad Hoc Networks. 2014;13(Part B): 535-548. doi: 10.1016/j.adhoc.2013.10.005.
Ucar S, Ergen SC, Ozkasap O. VMaSC: Vehicular multi-hop algorithm for stable clustering in vehicular ad hoc networks. Proceedings of the IEEE International con-ference on Wireless Communications and Networking. 2013; 2381-2386. doi: 10.1109/WCNC.2013.6554933.
Dror E, Avin C, Lotker Z. Fast randomized algorithm for hierarchical clustering in vehicular ad-hoc networks. Proceedings of the IFIP/IEEE Annual Mediterranean Ad Hoc Networking Workshop. 2011;11(7): 1-8. doi: 10.1109/Med-Hoc-Net.2011.5970488.
Minming Ni, Zhong Z, Zhao D. MPBC: A mobility pre-diction-based clustering scheme for ad hoc networks. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology. 2011;60(9): 4549-4559. doi: 10.1109/TVT.2011.2172473.
Hadded M, Muhlethaler P, Laouiti A, Saidane L. A novel angle based clustering algorithm for VANET. Proceed-ings of IWVSC 2016, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; 2016. HAL ID: hal-01379221.
Kaliappan M, Mariappan E, Prakash MV, Paramasivan B. Load balanced clustering technique in MANET using ge-netic algorithms. Defence Science Journal. 2016;66(3): 251-258. doi: 10.14429/dsj.66.9205.
Zhang G, Wu M, Duan W, Huang X. Genetic Algorithm Based QoS Perception Routing Protocol for VANETs. Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing. 2018;7: 1-10. doi: 10.1155/2018/3897857.
Al-Rabayah M, Malaney R. A new scalable hybrid rout-ing protocol for VANETs. IEEE Transactions on Vehic-ular Technology. 2012;61(6): 2625-2635. doi: 10.1109/TVT.2012.2198837.
Guest Editor: Eleonora Papadimitriou, PhD
Editors: Marko Matulin, PhD; Dario Babić, PhD; Marko Ševrović, PhD.
The mission of our journal is to provide high quality communication of research results, which is crucial for the effectiveness of scientific research, the promotion of scientific information, new ideas, and original research in the field of traffic and transportation engineering.
1848-4069
0353-5320
Proud publisher
Accelerating Discoveries in Traffic Science |
2024 © Promet - Traffic&Transportation journal
