The outbreak of COVID-19 disrupted our everyday life. Many local authorities enforced a cordon sanitaire for the protection of sensitive areas. Travellers can only pass the cordon after tested. This paper aims to propose a method to design an on-ramp control scheme to maximise urban freeway network throughput with a predetermined queuing delay constraint at all off-ramps around cordon sanitaire. A bi-level programming model is formulated where the lower-level is a transportation system equilibrium to predict traffic flow, and the upper-level is onramp metering optimisation that is nonlinear programming. A stochastic queuing model is used to represent the waiting phenomenon at each off-ramp where testing is conducted, and a heuristic algorithm is designed to solve the proposed bi-level model where a method of successive averages (MSA) is adopted for the lower-level model; A genetic algorithm (GA) with elite strategy is adopted for the upper-level model. An experimental study is conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method and algorithm. The results show that the methods can find a good heuristic optimal solution. These methods are useful for freeway operators to determine the optimal on-ramp control for disease control and prevention.
Quilty BJ, et al. The effect of travel restrictions on the geographical spread of COVID‑19 between large cities in China: A modelling study. BMC Medicine. 2020;18(1): 259. doi: 10.1101/2020.02.09.20021261.
Gostin LO, Wiley LF. Governmental public health powers during the COVID‑19 pandemic: Stay‑at‑home orders, business closures, and travel restrictions. JAMA - Journal of the American Medical Association. 2020;323(21): 2137-8. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.5460.
Pan A, et al. Association of public health interventions with the epidemiology of the COVID‑19 outbreak in Wuhan, China. JAMA - Journal of the American Medical Association. 2020;323(19): 1915-23. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.6130.
Yang H, Yagar S. Traffic assignment and traffic control in general freeway‑arterial corridor systems. Transportation Research Part B: Methodological. 1994;28(6): 463-86. doi: 10.1016/0191-2615(94)90015-9.
Yang H, Yagar S. Traffic assignment and signal control in saturated road networks. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice. 1995;29(2): 125-39. doi: 10.1016/0965-8564(94)E0007-V.
Yang H, Lam WHK. Optimal road tolls under conditions of queueing and congestion. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice. 1996;30(5 PART A): 319-32. doi: 10.1016/0965-8564(96)00003-1.
Yang H, Bell MGH. Traffic restraint, road pricing and network equilibrium. Transportation Research Part B: Methodological. 1997;31(4): 303-14. doi: 10.1016/S0191-2615(96)00030-6.
Vickrey WS. Congestion theory and transport investment. The American Economic Review. 1969;59(2): 251-60. http://www.jstor.org/stable/1823678 [Accessed 27th Apr. 2021].
Li Z-C, Huang H-J, Yang H. Fifty years of the bottleneck model: A bibliometric review and future research directions. Transportation Research Part B: Methodological. 2020;139: 311-42. doi: 10.1016/j.trb.2020.06.009.
Sheffi Y. Urban transportation networks. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall; 1985.
Oppenheim N. Urban travel demand modeling: from individual choices to general equilibrium. New York: John Wiley and Sons; 1995.
Boyce DE, Zhang Y‑F, Lupa MR. Introducing "feed‑back" into four‑step travel forecasting procedure versus equilibrium solution of combined model. Transportation Research Record. 1994;1443: 65-74. http://worldcat.org/isbn/0309055245 [Accessed 27th Apr. 2021].
Boyce D, Zhang Y‑F. Calibrating combined model of trip distribution, modal split, and traffic assignment. Transportation Research Record. 1997;1607: 1-5. doi: 10.3141/1607-01.
Lin H. An accessibility-oriented optimal control method for land use development. Journal of Urban Planning and Development. 2019;145(4): 04019011. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)UP.1943-5444.0000518.
Lin H-Z, Wei J. Optimal transport network design for both traffic safety and risk equity considerations. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2019;218: 738-45. doi: 10.1177/0037549720920374.
Gartner NH, Messer CJ, Rathi A. Revised Monograph on Traffic Flow Theory. Federal Highway Administration, United States; 1999.
Yang H, et al. An algorithm for the inflow control problem on urban freeway networks with user‑optimal flows. Transportation Research Part B: Methodological. 1994;28(2): 123-39. doi: 10.1016/0191-2615(94)90021-3.
Shepherd S, Sumalee A. A genetic algorithm based approach to optimal toll level and location problems. Networks and Spatial Economics. 2004;4(2): 161-79. doi: 10.1023/B:NETS.0000027771.13826.3a.
Sumalee A. Optimal road user charging cordon design: A heuristic optimization approach. Computer-Aided Civil and Infrastructure Engineering. 2004;19(5): 377-92. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-8667.2004.00364.x.
Sumalee A. Multi-concentric optimal charging cordon design. Transportmetrica. 2007;3(1): 41-71. doi: 10.1080/18128600708685667.
Liu Z, Meng Q, Wang S. Speed‑based toll design for cordon‑based congestion pricing scheme. Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies. 2013;31: 83-98. doi: 10.1016/j.trc.2013.02.012.
Guest Editor: Eleonora Papadimitriou, PhD
Editors: Marko Matulin, PhD; Dario Babić, PhD; Marko Ševrović, PhD.
The mission of our journal is to provide high quality communication of research results, which is crucial for the effectiveness of scientific research, the promotion of scientific information, new ideas, and original research in the field of traffic and transportation engineering.
1848-4069
0353-5320
Proud publisher
Accelerating Discoveries in Traffic Science |
2024 © Promet - Traffic&Transportation journal
